Nearly a decade after USB 2.0 was first introduced, this practically ubiquitous technology is poised for its first major upgrade in years. Symwave, a semiconductor startup, and hard-drive maker Seagate are showing the first working demonstration of SuperSpeed–otherwise known as USB 3.0–this week at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES 2009) in Las Vegas. The company’s demo setup includes an adaptation of an external Seagate FreeAgent hard drive equipped with the new interface, and shows the high read/write throughput and streaming video performance potential of USB 3.0.
Solid operating-system drivers and mature chip sets helped USB 2.0 evolve into a formidable and dominant interconnection technology for attaching devices to your system. However, in our increasingly high-definition world–a world where many households as well as businesses are verging on the use of terabytes of data, not just gigabytes–the case for greater bandwidth is clear.
Enter USB 3.0, which promises faster speeds and backward compatibility with the 10 billion USB devices shipped to date.
Early in 2008, Symwave began work on a USB 3.0 physical-layer device, the new cable that will be able to transport the format’s higher bandwidth, in anticipation of the spec being completed by late last year. When the spec went to its first public 1.0 release at the SuperSpeed USB Developers Conference last November, Symwave was the only company ready with a proof-of-concept product.
Faster Throughput
According to Symwave, the new cable dramatically improves throughput speed–even now, in its early development stages. Where USB 2.0 offers speeds of 480 megabits per second, USB 3.0 jumps to a theoretical 5 gigabits per second. “In our simulations, we’re seeing in the neighborhood of six to seven times the throughput, at least 150 megabytes per second [equivalent to 1.2 gigabits]. The theoretical improvement is 10 times,” says Craig Stein, vice president of engineering. “We think that, over time, as more software optimization is done, we’ll get closer to the theoretical improvement. We think somewhere near 250-300 megabytes per second [or up to 2.4 gigabits per second] is where USB 3.0 will top out when it matures.”
Stein says the company’s target is to enable peripheral devices with USB 3.0 to roll out in time for the 2009 Christmas shopping season. Even if PC adoption of USB 3.0 lags, he adds, “we think there’s opportunity for consumers to futureproof the products they buy.”
According to the spec, USB 2.0 cables and devices will be backward-compatible with the new USB 3.0 port. The cable, the host device (for example, the PC), and the peripheral device all must be USB 3.0 capable to achieve the 3.0 speeds; otherwise, the connector drops down to the lowest common denominator, USB 2.0 speeds.
USB Challenges eSATA
While USB 3.0 will have to challenge External Serial ATA (eSATA) as a connector on storage devices, Stein sees USB 3.0’s future as going beyond storage. “SATA is intended for storage only, whereas we believe 3.0 will, over time, become dominant in consumer electronics devices. We believe history is a good indication of future results. 2.7 billion USB ports shipped in 2007.”
One appeal of USB 3.0 over USB 2.0 for consumer electronics: The port can more efficiently handle power. “In 3.0, the power budget is up by 1.5 times that of USB 2.0. We believe that 3.0 will have a wider appeal to consumer electronics in that it offers greater flexibility in powering [devices].” The improved pin configuration of USB 3.0 could allow for a device to charge faster, for example.